| Modality
 There are three modalities, also known as quadruplicities: Cardinal, fixed 
      and mutable. Although modalities are often bunched in with the elements 
      (fire, earth, air and water) and referred to as elements or modes by many 
      astrologers, the word ‘modality’ actually refers to the way an element or 
      sign operates, not what it consists of. The Cardinal signs (Aries, Cancer, 
      Libra and Capricorn) are the pioneers of the Zodiac; they’re notorious for 
      exploring or beginning a project, then passing it off to someone else 
      (usually a fixed sign) to complete. The Fixed signs  (Taurus, Leo, 
      Scorpio and Aquarius) are generally quite ‘fixed’ or stable in their ways. 
      All four of these signs are also stubborn. The Mutable signs (Gemini, 
      Virgo, Sagittarius and Pisces), are changeable, fickle, fluid, adaptable 
      and flexible.
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